FOUS30 KWBC 110814
QPFERD

Excessive Rainfall Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
414 AM EDT Wed Jun 11 2025

Day 1
Valid 12Z Wed Jun 11 2025 - 12Z Thu Jun 12 2025

...THERE IS A MODERATE RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL FOR PORTIONS OF
CENTRAL TEXAS...

...Texas...

In coordination with FWD/Dallas, TX and HGX/Houston, TX forecast
offices, a Moderate Risk upgrade was introduced with this update
for portions of central Texas. As is typical with summertime
convection, the signal is a mess. The current MCS in central Texas
is largely agreed upon in the CAMs guidance to persist well into
the afternoon and advance across the rest of east Texas and into 
Louisiana, as a broken but slow moving line of storms. Most of the
guidance suggests new convection will form in the afternoon with
peak heating and instability across the Texas Moderate and Slight
Risk areas. Those storms will generally track north and east, 
which will follow behind the first round of storms into east 
Texas. Most importantly, yet another round forms during the
overnight, likely in the Moderate Risk area. This too will
organize into an MCS, but the southern end of those storms may hang
back and backbuild, resulting in prolonged heavy rain in a narrow
swath somewhere in central Texas.

While this is the broad scenario expected, the details of each
round of storms will play a large role as to the coverage and
severity of flash flooding today and tonight. The majority of the
guidance suggests this will be most prevalent in the Moderate Risk
area of central Texas, but this is far from unanimous, with a
second grouping of guidance suggesting these storms form further
south towards Houston. Thus, this is an unusually low confidence
Moderate Risk for the Day 1 period. Compounding concerns is that
much of northern and central Texas has seen multiple rounds of
heavy rain in recent days, including at present, which has
sufficiently saturated soils across the area. Thus, multiple inches
of rain associated with these storms which will be drawing on air
with PWATs to 2 inches, will quickly overwhelm streams and creeks,
especially in urban areas, resulting in flash flooding. These very
favorable antecedent conditions have also contributed to confidence
increasing for a Moderate Risk upgrade.

HREF guidance should neighborhood probabilities for at least 3
inches of rain today and tonight in the Moderate Risk area of over
70%, and a 20-50% chance of over 5 inches of rain. Given the
abundance of moisture available, both slow moving storms, multiple
rounds of heavy rain in some areas, and the potential for training
and back building will all work to increase the flash flooding
potential across much of eastern Texas, also supporting the
Moderate Risk upgrade.

As the convective evolution becomes more clear through the day and
into tonight, it's likely there may need to be adjustments to the
Moderate Risk area, which as mentioned above, appears most likely
to extend south to the Houston Metro. However, given the multiple
rounds of rain that have impacted the DFW Metroplex in recent days,
and the heavy rain that has hit San Antonio over the past few
hours, any storms favoring any of those metros could require the
Moderate Risk to expand to those areas of the Texas Triangle.

...Gulf Coast through the Carolinas...

A stalled front along the Gulf Coast will act as a focus for
afternoon and evening convection due to an abundance of Gulf
moisture available for the storms to draw from. The broad Marginal
Risk remains in place for all of the rest of the Gulf Coast and
through the Carolinas. The signal has expanded a bit north so the
Marginal was expanded north as well to the Hampton Roads area.

...Upper Midwest...

The Marginal Risk in the area around the MN/IA border has been left
largely unchanged, with most of the concerning convection likely
occurring late tonight at the nose of the LLJ.

...Idaho/Montana...

The Marginal Risk was left largely unchanged here as well with
periods of rain occurring over mostly hydrophobic soils resulting
in localized flash flooding, particularly around any burn scars.

Wegman


Day 2
Valid 12Z Thu Jun 12 2025 - 12Z Fri Jun 13 2025

...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL FOR THE ARKLATEX
REGION AND MUCH OF EASTERN TEXAS AS WELL AS FOR SOUTHERN MINNESOTA
INTO WESTERN WISCONSIN...

...Arklatex Region & East Texas...

Strong southerly flow of deep Gulf moisture will continue across
east Texas and the Arklatex region on Thursday. There will very
likely be an ongoing MCS across eastern Texas at the start of the
period Thursday, which will progress eastward into Arkansas and
Louisiana through the day. There may be a lull in most of the
shower and thunderstorm activity for the afternoon hours in many 
areas, but renewed activity will develop through the evening as the
LLJ restrengthens, and a slow moving upper level shortwave helps
drive a dryline east over Oklahoma and Texas, which will cause
numerous storms to form and organize into an MCS near the Arklatex
region through the overnight, as PWATs remain up near 2 inches,
promoting very heavy rainfall with the strongest storms. Once
again, this region has been hard hit with heavy rain in recent
days, and therefore this latest round of heavy rain will not take
much to result in flash flooding. Depending on how much rain falls
in this region on Day 1/Wednesday, it is possible a Moderate Risk
upgrade may be needed for this region as well as confidence
increases and the CAMs include the Thursday night period. There is
enough uncertainty as to how far west the storms are (which will be
highly dependent on the placement of the dryline), and therefore,
the Metroplex, Houston, and Austin remain included in a higher end
Slight Risk, which extends into the southeast corner of Oklahoma
and adjacent western Arkansas counties.

...Southern Minnesota into Western Wisconsin...

At the nose of the upper level jet, a mesolow is likely to form 
over the central Plains Thursday afternoon, which will then drift 
northeast into Iowa on Thursday night. Abundant Gulf moisture will 
ride northward ahead of the low, running into a strong stationary 
front which will likely be set up over central Minnesota. This 
front will provide the lift for training and backbuilding 
thunderstorms across much of southern Minnesota Thursday afternoon 
and evening. The storms appear likely to impact all of the Twin 
Cities and surrounding suburbs, which when added to the wetter 
soils from any rainfall from Day 1/Wednesday, may result in widely 
scattered instances of flash flooding. The Slight Risk area was 
nudged northward with this update, following the latest changes in 
the ensemble guidance, but rainfall amounts are largely unchanged.

Wegman


Day 3
Valid 12Z Fri Jun 13 2025 - 12Z Sat Jun 14 2025

...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL FOR THE ARKLATEX
REGION INTO PORTIONS OF THE MID-MISSISSIPPI VALLEY...

A slow-moving upper level trough will drift east across Oklahoma
and Arkansas through the period. It will draw on abundant Gulf
moisture with PWATs at or above 2 inches to force numerous slow
moving thunderstorms to develop from northeast Texas northeast to
the Mississippi-Ohio River confluence. The southerly flow will also
upslope into the Ozarks of central Arkansas, likely resulting in
localized increases in rainfall rates across much of Arkansas on
Friday and especially into Friday night. Given the expanded
eastward movement of the storms, the inherited Slight Risk was
expanded significantly north and east into the mid-Mississippi
Valley with this update. A higher-end Slight is in effect for the
Arklatex region through much of central Arkansas, where the
heaviest rainfall is expected. Periods of heavy rain across the
Arklatex and western Arkansas are expected from the Day 2/Thursday
period, which will greatly moisten the antecedent soil conditions
in advance of the heavy rainfall expected on Friday and Friday
night. Here too, a Moderate Risk upgrade may be needed with future
updates should the preponderance of guidance remain consistent at
targeting the Arklatex and central Arkansas with the heaviest rainfall.

New Marginal Risk areas were added across much of the Great Lakes,
where training storms may cause isolated flash flooding, the
northeast corner of Colorado due to some upslope with the flow
turning southeasterly into an expected stationary front over that
area, and the third consecutive day of moderate rainfall across
much of central Montana, aided by increasing divergence ahead of a
potent shortwave moving across the Pacific Northwest by Friday
night. In each of these areas, only isolated flash flooding is
expected as the signal for heavy rain in these areas remains diffuse.

Isolated to scattered disorganized convection is likely to impact
much of the eastern seaboard Friday afternoon with peak heating.
Given the increasing moisture moving up the coast, any storms that
remain in a given area for too long or backbuild along their cold
pools could cause isolated instances of flash flooding. Given a
lack of discernible forcing, for now have left the area out of a
Marginal citing a less than 5% chance of flash flooding, but the
threat is non-zero. The Marginal may need to be expanded eastward
across much of the eastern seaboard in the coming days should
current trends continue.

Wegman

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